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The Green Climate Fund (GCF), established under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the 16th Conference of the Parties (COP-16) in 2010, has significantly supported India’s climate initiatives with a total allocation of USD 782.4 million. This funding is aimed at bolstering the country’s efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change through a range of projects spanning various sectors.

The GCF’s primary mission is to mobilize funding on a large scale to support low-emission and climate-resilient development in developing countries. Since its operational launch in 2015, the GCF has been approving projects that help these nations address the challenges posed by climate change. India has been an active participant, securing funds for eleven different projects and programmes.

Among the notable projects funded by the GCF are:

1. Ground Water Recharge and Solar Micro Irrigation: Approved in 2017, this project, with a grant of USD 34.357 million, aims to enhance food security and climate resilience in vulnerable tribal areas of Odisha through sustainable water management and solar irrigation.

2. Line of Credit for Solar Rooftop Segment: This 2018 project received USD 100 million in concessional loans to promote solar energy installations across commercial, industrial, and residential sectors.

3. Enhancing Climate Resilience of India’s Coastal Communities: Also approved in 2018, this grant of USD 43.418 million focuses on improving the resilience of coastal communities to climate change impacts.

4. Green Growth Equity Fund (GGEF): In 2021, India received USD 137 million (USD 132.5 million in equity and USD 4.5 million in grant) to promote green growth and sustainability investments.

5. India E-Mobility Financing Program: This 2022 programme, with USD 200 million in equity, supports the expansion of electric mobility infrastructure.

6. Climate Investor Two: With a 2022 grant of USD 145 million, this multi-country initiative aims to enhance climate investments across several nations, including India.

7. Green Guarantee Company (“GGC”): Also in 2022, this multi-country equity investment of USD 40.5 million focuses on strengthening climate-related guarantees.

8. Climate Investor One: This 2022 grant of USD 100 million supports multi-country climate projects, including those in India.

9. Project GAIA ("GAIA"): Approved in 2023, this equity investment of USD 152.5 million is directed towards climate resilience and adaptation efforts across multiple countries.

10. Avaana Sustainability Fund: In 2024, this equity fund of USD 24.5 million supports sustainable and climate-focused startups in India.

11. Financing Mitigation and Adaptation Projects (FMAP) in Indian MSMEs: This recent allocation of USD 215.6 million (USD 200 million in concessional loans and USD 15.6 million in grants) is aimed at supporting small and medium enterprises in mitigating and adapting to climate impacts.