A new report from the United Nations Development Programme has found that Afghanistan is facing worsening economic and humanitarian conditions, with nearly three in four people unable to meet basic needs in 2025. The report highlights a combination of population growth, declining international aid, climate shocks, and social restrictions as key drivers of the crisis.

The UNDP Afghanistan Socioeconomic Review estimates that about 28 million people are struggling with food, water, healthcare, housing, and other essentials. The return of nearly 2.9 million Afghans in 2025 has further increased pressure on already limited services and employment opportunities.

Economic Growth Fails To Match Population Pressure

The report notes that Afghanistan recorded modest economic growth, with real GDP rising 1.9% in 2025, down from 2.3% the previous year. However, population growth of 6.5% outpaced economic expansion, leading to a decline in GDP per capita. Income levels remain below 2020 figures, placing the country among the lowest globally in per capita terms.

The trade deficit also widened to an estimated US$11.3 billion in 2025, driven by rising imports and weak exports.

Climate Shocks And Service Gaps Deepen Hardship

The report highlights worsening environmental conditions, including drought affecting nearly 64% of the country. Access to safe drinking water has also fallen significantly compared to the previous year.

Health services are under strain, with more than 440 clinics closing or reducing operations due to funding cuts. As a result, a growing share of the population is unable to access medical care.

Social Restrictions And Aid Cuts Add Pressure

The UNDP also notes that restrictions on women’s education and employment continue to limit economic participation and reduce overall productivity. Meanwhile, international assistance declined by 16.5% in 2025, even as humanitarian needs increased.

The report concludes that sustained investment in jobs, services, and local markets will be essential for long-term recovery and stability.