Armenia and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) have launched a global initiative to protect mountain ecosystems and the freshwater supplies they provide. The Yerevan Platform on Mountains and Related Freshwater Ecosystems was announced on Oct. 28, 2026, during the UN Biodiversity Conference (CBD COP17) in Yerevan, Armenia.

The initiative aims to strengthen international cooperation, improve funding and support the restoration of mountain habitats. It also seeks to protect water supplies, biodiversity and the livelihoods of communities that depend on these ecosystems.

Why Mountain Ecosystems Matter

Mountains provide an estimated 55% to 60% of global annual freshwater flows, according to the announcement. They support around 1.2 billion people and help regulate water supplies for communities downstream.

Mountain regions also contain significant biodiversity. The announcement states that 25 of the world's 36 biodiversity hotspots include important mountain ecosystems. These areas support a wide range of plant and animal species.

However, only 19% of mountain areas are protected, highlighting a gap in conservation efforts. Ecosystem damage can increase risks linked to water shortages, landslides and declining natural resources.

What Is The Yerevan Platform?

The platform will bring together mountain countries and downstream nations that depend on their water resources. It will help identify gaps in funding, technical expertise and conservation support.

Working with partners, including the Mountain Partnership, the initiative will encourage countries to restore degraded habitats, protect freshwater supplies and strengthen support for local communities.

UNEP Executive Director Inger Andersen said mountain ecosystems play a vital role in water availability, food security and livelihoods. She also highlighted the importance of stronger early-warning systems and disaster preparedness in vulnerable communities.

Global Biodiversity Goals And Next Steps

The initiative supports the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which includes targets to protect and restore ecosystems by 2030.

The launch followed the first Mountain Ecosystems Day held at a CBD Conference of the Parties. Participants discussed conservation science, funding, Indigenous knowledge and the role of pastoralist communities.

The platform will continue through high-level international dialogues and targeted technical support. Progress is expected to be reviewed at CBD COP18.

The next major milestone will be the Bishkek +25 Second Global Mountain Summit in October 2027, where leaders are expected to assess progress and identify further conservation priorities.